Tranexamic Acid for Injection
Tranexamic acid for injection, indications for this product is mainly used for acute or chronic, localized or systemic primary fibrinolysis induced by various bleeding. This product is usually not used before heparinization for secondary high fibrinolysis caused by disseminated intravascular coagulation. This product is also suitable for: 1. Prostate, urethra, lung, brain, uterus, adrenal gland, thyroid and other organs rich in plasminogen activator trauma or surgical bleeding. 2. It is used as an antagonist of tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA), streptokinase and urokinase. 3. Fibrinolytic hemorrhage caused by abortion, placental exfoliation, stillbirth and amniotic fluid embolism. 4. Abnormal menstruation, anterior chamber hemorrhage and severe epistaxis. 5. For mild hemorrhage caused by central aneurysms rupture, such as subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracranial aneurysm hemorrhage, this product is superior to other antifibrinolytic drugs in hemostasis, but attention must be paid to the risk of cerebral edema or cerebral infarction. As for patients with severe surgical indications, this product can only be used as adjuvant. 6. Treatment of hereditary angioneurotic edema can reduce the frequency and severity of its attack. 7. Hemophilia patients with active bleeding, can be combined with this drug. 8. Prevent or reduce bleeding after tooth extraction or oral surgery in hemophilia patients with deficiency of factor VIII or factor IX.
There are various natural antagonists of plasminogen in blood circulation, such as antiplasmin. Under normal circumstances, the anti fibrinolytic activity in the blood is many times higher than that in the fibrinolytic activity, so there is no fibrinolytic bleeding. However, these antagonists could not block the activation of activators (such as urokinase) adsorbed on the fibrin network to form plasmin. Plasmin is a kind of endopeptidase, which can cleave the arginine and lysine of fibrinogen in neutral environment to form fibrin degradation products and cause clot lysis and bleeding. Plasminogen is specifically adsorbed on fibrin through the lysine binding site in its molecular structure. Lysine can competitively inhibit this adsorption, reduce the adsorption rate of plasminogen, thus reducing the activation of plasminogen and reducing bleeding. The chemical structure of this product is similar to that of lysine (1,5-diaminohexanoic acid), so it can competitively inhibit the adsorption of plasminogen on fibrin, thus preventing its activation, protecting fibrin from being degraded and dissolved by plasmin, and finally achieving hemostatic effect. This product can also directly inhibit the activity of plasmin, reduce the role of plasmin in activating complement, so as to prevent the occurrence of hereditary angioneurotic edema.
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